Презентация "Согласование времен" – проект, доклад

Tregubenko N.V. Sequence of Tenses

Согласование времён

Основное правило:

Если в главном предложении используется одно из прошедших времён (Past), то в придаточном тоже должно быть использовано прошедшее (Past) время или будущее в прошедшем (Future-in-the-Past).

FUTURE IN THE PAST

Используется, чтобы выразить действие, которое было будущим с точки зрения прошлого.

past present future

I thought Jack would come in time.

would will

Future Simple in the Past

“He said he would be ready in a moment.”

“He hoped he would do it.”

“Did you think you would return home today?”

“I hoped I would help you.”

Future Continuous in the Past

She was sure that her husband would be still repairing his car at ten o’clock in the evening.

They were sure she would be talking for at least another three hours.

Future Perfect in the Past

I hoped you wouldn’t have forgotten everything by today.

“I thought I would have finished the work before your arrival.”

Действие в придаточном предложении может быть :

одновременным с действием главного предложения предшествовать действию главного предложения относиться к будущему

I knew (that) – (Я знал, что) He said (that) – (Он сказал, что)

Одновременное действие he lived in Kiev. он живёт в Киеве. Предшествующее действие he had lived in Kiev. он жил в Киеве. Будущее действие he would live in Kiev. он будет жить в Киеве.

В придаточном предложении мы отступаем «на одно время назад»:

“Present” becomes “Past” “Past” becomes “Past Perfect” “will” becomes “would”

Present Indefinite I do … Present Continuous He is doing … Present Perfect I have done … Past Indefinite I did … Past Continuous I was doing … Past Perfect I had gone …

Past Indefinite I did … Past Continuous He was doing … Past Perfect I had done … Past Perfect I had done … Past Perfect Continuous I had been doing … does not change I had gone …

will (future) can may must would could might must or had to

Time and Place Changes

here this these now today yesterday a year ago last night tonight

there that those then / at the moment that day the day before the previous day a year before the previous night that night

Past Indefinite / Continuous can stay the same if we use:

in 1945 2 years ago yesterday last week when he came (after) since

He said that he left Moscow 5 years ago. He knew that Peter was at home yesterday. She said she was working when I rang her up. She said I had been writing since she came.

Exercises

Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в такую форму, чтобы действия в придаточных предложениях были по отношению к главному: a) одновременными; b) предшествующими; c) будущими. Переведите на русский язык.

I was happy you (to know) my name. I was happy you knew my name. (знаешь) I was happy you had known my name. (знала) I was happy you would know my name. (узнаешь)

He thought she (to feel) lonely in London. He thought she felt lonely in London. (чувствует) He thought she had felt lonely in London. (чувствовала) He thought she would feel lonely in London. (будет чувствовать)

I hoped that he (to have) breakfast at home. I hoped that he had breakfast at home. (завтракает) I hoped that he had had breakfast at home. (позавтракал) I hoped that he would have breakfast at home. (позавтракает)

Сегодня мы познакомились с тем, как изменяется видо-временная форма глагола в придаточном предложении, если в главном глагол употреблён в одном из прошедших времён. Другими словами, мы познакомились с правилом согласования времён: Sequence of Tenses