Презентация "Множественное число существительных (plurals)" по английскому языку – проект, доклад

PLURALS

Подготовила преподаватель английского языка ГУО «Пинковичская средняя школа имени Якуба Коласа» Пинского района, Брестской области, Лящук Елена Геннадьевна

+s an apple-apples

+ES(if nouns ending in –s,-ss, -ch,-x,-o)

a tomato-tomatoes

BUT:

radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos rhino-rhinos hippo-hippos video-videos

Nouns ending in a vowel+Y take –s in the plural

a toy-toys

Nouns ending in consonant+y, drop the –y and take –ies in the plural

a strawberry-strawberries y-i+es

Nouns ending in –f or –fe, drop the f or fe and take –ves in the plural

a leaf-leaves -f/-fe-v+es

chiefs roofs safes cliffs beliefs

scarf(ves) wharfs(ves) dwarfs(ves) hoofs(ves)

IRREGULAR PLURALS:

a man-men a woman-women a child-children a foot-feet a tooth-teeth a goose-geese a mouse-mice a louse-lice an ox-oxen

SOME NOUNS HAVE THE SAME singular and plural forms:

a fish-fish a deer-deer a sheep-sheep a trout-trout a swine-swine an aircraft-aircraft a means-means

Some words which come from foreign languages have special plurals:

Analysis-analyses Appendix-appendices/appendixes Bacterium-bacteria Basis-bases Cactus-cacti/cactuses Crisis-crises Criterion-criteria Diagnosis-diagnoses Formula-formulae/formulas Fungus-fungi/funguses Hypothesis-hypotheses Medium-media/mediums Phenomenon-phenomena

Noun+preposition+noun, we add –s to the first noun

a mother-in-law- mothers-in-law

If the first word is man or woman

a woman-doctor- women-doctors

Noun+adverb, we add –s to the first word

passer-by-passers-by

If there is no noun-stem in the compound –s is added to the last element

Forget-me-not-forget-me-nots

Uncountable nouns(are used in singular):

Always plural:

people arms cattle ashes trousers barracks jeans clothes shorts congratulations shoes outskirts gloves police pajamas riches tights stairs earrings surroundings scissors wages pliers goods

A group of english nouns that can be used as countable or uncountable with a difference in meaning:

Collective nouns that can be both singular and plural:

Army Audience Class Committee Company Crew Crowd Government Group Faculty Family

TEam

Is singular when it is regarded as one unit: Our team is winning.

Is plural when we mean each member of this unit individually: The team are going back to their homes.

Russian nouns that are always plural in russian but are singular and plural in English.